Copper nanoparticle-induced ovarian injury, follicular atresia, apoptosis, and gene expression alterations in female rats

Copper nanoparticle-induced ovarian injury, follicular atresia, apoptosis, and gene expression alterations in female rats

Numerous studies have reported the accumulation of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) in organs and the corresponding damage, although whether Cu NPs can be translocated to the ovaries and their ovarian toxicity are still unknown. In this study, three groups of female rats were injected with 3.12, 6.25, or 12.5 mg/kg Cu NPs for 14 consecutive days. The pathological changes, hormone levels, apoptosis...

Apoptosis and Ovarian Follicular Atresia in Mammals

The reproductive performance of any mammalian species can be enhanced by enriching nutrition, regulating environmental factors like photoperiod, temperature, humidity etc., through selective breeding, endocrine manipulations and better management practices (Sharma, 2000; Maillet et al., 2002; Bussiere et al., 2002; Iwata et al., 2004, 2005; Rudolf, 2007; Bhardwaj and Sharma, 2011). The endocrin...

Ovarian Follicular Atresia

Throughout ovarian development and function in mammals, a highly orchestrated, periodic process known as follicular atresia occurs that destroys and eliminates follicles and oocytes from the ovary. Follicular atresia is pervasive. In humans, it is estimated to account for 99.9% of the loss of oocytes from development of the fetal ovary until reproductive senescence (Baker, 1963; Faddy et al., 1...

Sulpiride-Induced Hyperprolactinemia in Mature Female Rats: Evidence for Alterations in The Reproductive System, Pituitary and Ovarian Hormones

Regulation of cell death and cell survival gene expression during ovarian follicular development and atresia.

Mammalian ovarian follicular development and atresia is closely regulated by the cross talk of cell death and cell survival signals, which include endocrine hormones (gonadotropins) and intra-ovarian regulators (gonadal steroids, cytokines and growth factors). The fate of the follicle is dependent on a delicate balance in the expression and actions of factors promoting follicular cell prolifera...